Embark on a self-guided tour of Nicosia’s Walled City, a fascinating blend of history, culture, and architectural marvels. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll outline the essential sights and attractions that should be on your itinerary as you explore the last divided capital in the world. So, grab your walking shoes and let’s delve into the rich heritage of Nicosia’s Walled City.
Brief History of Nicosia’s Walled City
Origins and development
Nicosia, the capital of Cyprus, has a history dating back over 4,500 years. The Walled City’s development began during the Lusignan era in the 12th century, but its impressive fortifications were built by the Venetians in the 16th century.
The impact of various civilizations
Throughout history, Nicosia has been influenced by various civilizations, including the Byzantines, Lusignans, Venetians, Ottomans, and the British. Each has left its mark on the city’s architecture, culture, and traditions.
The division of Nicosia
Since the 1974 Turkish invasion of Cyprus, Nicosia has been divided into the Greek Cypriot-controlled south and the Turkish Cypriot-controlled north. This unique situation has made Nicosia the last divided capital in the world.
Getting to and Around the Walled City
Public transport
You can easily reach the Walled City by public transport, including buses and shared taxis. There are also guided walking tours available, but this guide is designed for those who prefer to explore at their own pace.
Walking routes and accessibility
The Walled City is best explored on foot, as its narrow streets and pedestrianized areas make walking the most convenient mode of transportation. The city is relatively flat, making it accessible for all ages and fitness levels.
Parking and bicycle rentals
If you prefer to drive, there are several parking lots near the Walled City. Alternatively, you can rent a bicycle and explore the city on two wheels.
Key Attractions and Sights
The Venetian Walls and Famagusta Gate
The impressive Venetian Walls encircle the old city, with the Famagusta Gate being the most well-preserved of the three original gates. Take time to admire the architecture and walk along the walls for a unique perspective.
Selimiye Mosque (St. Sophia Cathedral)
Originally built as a Gothic cathedral during the Lusignan period, Selimiye Mosque is now an active place of worship for the Muslim community. The unique blend of Gothic and Ottoman architectural styles is not to be missed.
Büyük Han (Great Inn)
This 16th-century caravanserai, now a bustling cultural centre, features local art, handicrafts, and traditional workshops. It’s a great spot to relax in the courtyard cafe and soak up the atmosphere.
The Archbishop’s Palace and St. John’s Cathedral
The grand Archbishop’s Palace is the seat of the Orthodox Church of Cyprus, while the neighbouring St. John’s Cathedral houses beautiful frescoes and religious artifacts.
The Shacolas Tower Observatory
For panoramic views of the city, visit the Shacolas Tower Observatory, where you can spot landmarks on both sides of the divide.
The Border Crossings: Ledra Street and Lokmaci Crossing
Experience the unique divided nature of Nicosia by crossing the Green Line at Ledra Street or Lokmaci Crossing. Ensure you have your passport with you for crossing the border.
Museums and Galleries
The Cyprus Museum
Explore the island’s rich history and archaeological treasures at The Cyprus Museum, housing artifacts dating back to the Neolithic period.
The Leventis Municipal Museum of Nicosia
Dive into the city’s past at the Leventis Municipal Museum of Nicosia, showcasing a fascinating collection of items that illustrate the history and daily life in Nicosia throughout the centuries.
The Byzantine Museum
Discover a vast array of Byzantine icons, frescoes, and ecclesiastical objects at the Byzantine Museum, providing insights into Cyprus’ Orthodox heritage.
The House of Hadjigeorgakis Kornesios
Visit the 18th-century residence of the former Ottoman dragoman Hadjigeorgakis Kornesios, now a museum showcasing traditional Cypriot furniture, textiles, and artefacts.
The Nicosia Municipal Arts Centre
Enjoy contemporary art exhibitions at the Nicosia Municipal Arts Centre, housed in a converted power station, and explore the works of local and international artists.
Cultural Experiences and Events
Traditional workshops and handicrafts
Experience Nicosia’s rich cultural heritage by visiting traditional workshops, where you can learn about Cypriot handicrafts like pottery, lace-making, and silversmithing.
Nicosia’s bustling markets
Stroll through the lively markets of Nicosia, including the Bandabuliya Market in North Nicosia and the Ochi Square Market in South Nicosia, where you can buy fresh produce, local delicacies, and handmade crafts.
Annual festivals and cultural events
Nicosia hosts numerous festivals and cultural events throughout the year, including the Nicosia International Documentary Festival, the Cyprus Wine Festival, and various music and theatre performances.
Culinary Delights and Local Cuisine
Traditional Cypriot restaurants and cafes
Sample delicious Cypriot cuisine at local tavernas and cafes, offering specialties like souvlaki, moussaka, and halloumi.
Sampling local delicacies and street food
Don’t miss out on trying traditional street food, such as koupes, kolokotes, and loukoumades, available at various street vendors throughout the city.
Local markets and specialty food shops
Visit local markets and specialty food shops to purchase Cypriot products like olives, honey, and traditional sweets to take home as souvenirs or gifts.
Relaxing in the Green Space
The Venetian Walls Moat
The green spaces along the Venetian Walls Moat provide a perfect spot to relax and unwind, while admiring the historic fortifications.
The Nicosia Municipal Gardens
Escape the city’s hustle and bustle by visiting the Nicosia Municipal Gardens, a peaceful oasis boasting beautiful flower beds, tall trees, and meandering paths.
Other small parks and squares
Discover other charming parks and squares throughout the Walled City, providing tranquil spots to rest and soak up the atmosphere.
Practical Tips for Exploring Nicosia’s Walled City
Best time of day to visit
Start your self-guided tour early in the day or during the late afternoon to avoid the midday heat and crowds.
Dress code and cultural considerations
Dress modestly when visiting religious sites and be respectful of local customs and traditions.
Safety precautions and tips
As in any city, take standard safety precautions, such as keeping your belongings secure and being aware of your surroundings.
A self-guided tour of Nicosia’s Walled City offers the perfect opportunity to experience the city’s rich history, architectural splendour, and vibrant culture at your own pace. With this comprehensive guide in hand, you’re well-prepared to discover the numerous sights and attractions that make this unique capital city an unforgettable destination. So, go ahead and immerse yourself in the fascinating world of Nicosia’s Walled City, where the past and present intertwine, and create memories that will last a lifetime.